Abstract
This research is historical literature research focusing on the description of Youkai character in Japanesse literature from the ancient to modern period. Youkai is Japanesse mythology creature in various appearance, and can be visible and invisible haunting the human. This research used descriptive analytical method. The results of the research are 1) Youkai has been well known since it was in Japanesse ancient through religion ritual, 2) In the middle period, youkai was described as misery as the result of Budha influence, 3) In Edo period, youkai was given a name and well known in folktale and legend, and 4) in modern period youkai is persisted as one of the original characters in Japanesse culture, described as in the real life, once metaphorized as an evil, and in modern era, youkai is described as kawaii (cute) character, not only represented in folktale or story but also published in magazines, manga, and anime as well. And then, in modern period, youkai is desribed as a good creature, and sometime it helps human.
Key Words: anime, story, historical literature, youkai, kawaii, manga, mythology creature
References
Aso, Isoji. 1995. Sejarah Kesusastraan Jepang. Jakarta: UI Press.
Kiwa, Imai. 2016. “Youkai Gazou Menuâ€, diakses melalui https://www.nichibun.ac.jp/YoukaiGazouMenu/Imai. Japan: Kyoto
Napier, Susan J. 2005. Form Akira to Princess Mononoke. New York: Palgrave.
Papp, Zilia. 2010. Anime and Its Roots in Early Japanese Monster Art. Kent: Global Oriental.
Ratna, Nyoman Kutha. 2004. Teori, Metode, dan Teknik Penelitian Sastra. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Subculwalker. 2014. “Subculwalkerâ€, diakses melalui https://subculwalker.com/archives/3772/. Japan: Tokyo.
Yoda, Hiroko dan Matt Alt. 2012. Yokai Attack!: Japanese Monster Survival Guide. Singapore: Tuttle Publishing.
International Research Center for Japanese Studies, Kyoto, Japan. All rights reserved. 2010.
Puitika publishes its articles under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, with copyright held by the author(s). This means anyone can copy, transform, or redistribute articles for any lawful purpose in any medium, provided they give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and Puitika, link to the license, indicate if changes were made, and redistribute any derivative work under the same license.
If accepted, authors will receive a Letter of Acceptence (LoA).